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Home > Colon Polypectomy

Overview

Published with the inputs from Dr Abdul Majeed, Medical Gastroenterologist, Baby Memorial Hospitals-Kannur

A colon polypectomy is a medical procedure to remove polyps — small growths in the lining of the colon or rectum — usually performed during a colonoscopy. While most colon polyps are benign (non-cancerous), some can develop into colorectal cancer over time. Removing them early is a highly effective way to prevent cancer and keep the colon healthy.

What is a colon polypectomy, and why is it done?

A polypectomy is the removal of polyps from the colon during a colonoscopy. It is performed both for diagnosis (to check if the polyp is cancerous) and prevention (to stop polyps from turning into cancer).

How is a colon polypectomy performed?

During a colonoscopy, the doctor locates the polyp and removes it using special tools. Small polyps may be snipped off with forceps or a wire loop, while larger ones may be removed in pieces with advanced techniques. The tissue is then sent to a lab for analysis.

Is colon polypectomy painful?

No. The procedure is done under sedation during a colonoscopy, so patients do not feel pain. Some may experience mild cramping, gas, or bloating afterward, which usually passes quickly.

Are colon polyps always cancerous?

No. Most colon polyps are non-cancerous, but certain types, such as adenomatous polyps, carry a higher risk of turning into cancer over time. That is why removal and biopsy are recommended.

What are the risks of colon polypectomy?

The procedure is very safe, but rare risks include bleeding (especially from large polyps), perforation of the colon wall, or infection. Complications are uncommon when performed by an experienced gastroenterologist.

What is recovery like after a colon polypectomy?

Most patients return home the same day and resume normal activities within 24 hours. Heavy exercise and blood-thinning medications may need to be avoided for a short time. Follow-up colonoscopies are scheduled depending on the number, size, and type of polyps removed.

How often do I need follow-up after polypectomy?

If only one or two small polyps are removed, the next colonoscopy may be needed in 5–10 years. If larger or multiple polyps are found, closer monitoring may be required, usually every 3–5 years.

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