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Home > Electrophysiology Study (EPS)

Overview

Published with the inputs from Dr Vivek S Narayan PillaiCardiac Electrophysiology Senior Consultant, Baby Memorial Hospitals-Kannur

An Electrophysiology Study (EPS) is a test that helps doctors understand abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). It involves inserting thin, flexible wires (catheters) into the heart to study its electrical activity. EPS helps identify the cause of irregular heartbeats and guides treatment, which may include medications, catheter ablation, or pacemaker/ICD implantation.

What is an electrophysiology study (EPS)?

EPS is a minimally invasive test where catheters are placed inside the heart to record electrical signals. It helps doctors find out what type of arrhythmia a patient has and the best way to treat it.

Why is an EPS needed?

EPS may be recommended if you have:

  • Unexplained fainting or dizziness
  • Palpitations or rapid heartbeat
  • Suspected arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, SVT, ventricular tachycardia, etc.)
  • Risk of sudden cardiac arrest

It helps decide whether treatments like ablation or device implantation are necessary.

How is an EPS performed?

The procedure is usually done in a cardiac electrophysiology lab under local anesthesia and sedation. Catheters are inserted through a vein in the groin, arm, or neck and guided into the heart. Electrical signals are measured, and sometimes arrhythmias are deliberately triggered to study their behavior.

Is an EPS painful?

No. EPS is generally not painful. Patients are given local anesthesia and sedation for comfort. You may feel mild pressure at the catheter site or palpitations when arrhythmias are triggered, but pain is uncommon.

What are the risks of EPS?

EPS is safe when performed by trained specialists. Rare risks include bleeding, infection, blood clots, heart puncture, or triggering a dangerous arrhythmia. Emergency support is always available in the lab if needed.

What happens after an EPS?

Patients are observed for a few hours and usually go home the same day or after an overnight stay. If ablation or device implantation is done at the same time, recovery instructions will be given accordingly.

Does EPS also treat arrhythmias?

Yes. In many cases, if the problem area is identified, the doctor may perform catheter ablation during the same procedure to correct the arrhythmia. EPS may also help decide if a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is needed.

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If you are experiencing palpitations, dizziness, or fainting spells, our Electrophysiology & Cardiology Team offers advanced testing, including an Electrophysiology Study (EPS), to diagnose and treat heart rhythm problems.

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