Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure that combines endoscopy and X-ray imaging to diagnose and treat problems in the bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreas. It is commonly used to remove gallstones, open blocked ducts, place stents, or take tissue samples for diagnosis.
ERCP is performed to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the bile ducts and pancreas. It is commonly used for gallstones, bile duct narrowing (strictures), blockages, tumors, and chronic pancreatitis.
During ERCP, a flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) is passed through the mouth into the stomach and small intestine. A special dye is injected into the bile and pancreatic ducts, and X-ray images are taken. If needed, the doctor can:
No. ERCP is done under sedation or anesthesia, so patients do not feel pain during the procedure. Some mild throat discomfort or bloating may occur afterward, but usually resolves quickly.
ERCP is generally safe, but possible risks include:
These risks are uncommon and are minimized when the procedure is performed by experienced specialists.
Most patients go home the same day or after an overnight stay. Light food and drinks are usually resumed once sedation wears off. Some may feel bloating, nausea, or mild abdominal discomfort. Patients should avoid driving or strenuous activity for 24 hours.
The procedure usually takes 30–90 minutes, depending on whether only imaging is done or treatment (like stone removal or stenting) is also performed.
In some cases, non-invasive imaging tests like MRCP (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography) or Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) may be used for diagnosis. However, unlike ERCP, these tests cannot treat the problem at the same time.
If you have been diagnosed with gallstones, bile duct blockage, or pancreatitis, our Gastroenterology & GI Endoscopy Team at Baby Memorial Hospitals provides advanced ERCP procedures for both diagnosis and treatment.
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