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Overview

Upper GI Endoscopy (also called Esophagogastroduodenoscopy or EGD) is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure that allows doctors to examine the inside of the esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and upper part of the small intestine (duodenum) using a thin, flexible tube with a camera called an endoscope.

It helps diagnose and sometimes treat conditions affecting the upper digestive tract such as ulcers, acid reflux, bleeding, inflammation, or tumors.

What is an upper GI endoscopy?

An upper GI endoscopy is a procedure that uses an endoscope — a flexible tube with a light and camera — to view the lining of the upper digestive tract. The images help your doctor identify abnormalities, take biopsies, or perform minor treatments if needed.

When is an upper GI endoscopy recommended?

Your doctor may recommend an upper GI endoscopy if you have:

  • Persistent heartburn or acid reflux (GERD)
  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Unexplained nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding (vomiting blood or black stools)
  • Unexplained weight loss or anemia
  • Screening for ulcers, gastritis, or early cancer detection
How should I prepare for an upper GI endoscopy?
  • Fasting: Do not eat or drink anything for at least 6–8 hours before the procedure.
  • Medications: Inform your doctor about all medicines, especially blood thinners, diabetes medications, or antacids.
  • Consent: You’ll sign a consent form before the procedure.

Your healthcare team at BMH will provide specific preparation instructions based on your condition.

Is an upper GI endoscopy painful?

No. The procedure is not painful. You will receive a local anesthetic spray to numb your throat and a sedative to help you relax or sleep during the procedure. You may feel slight pressure or fullness, but no significant discomfort.

How is an upper GI endoscopy performed?
  • The procedure is done while you are lying on your side.
  • The endoscope is gently inserted through the mouth into the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
  • The doctor examines the lining and may take tissue samples (biopsies) if necessary.
  • The procedure usually takes 10–20 minutes.
What happens after the procedure?
  • You’ll be monitored until the sedative wears off.
  • Mild throat soreness or bloating may occur and resolves quickly.
  • You can eat and drink after a few hours (as advised).
  • Someone should accompany you home, as drowsiness may persist briefly.
What conditions can be diagnosed or treated with upper GI endoscopy?
  • Gastritis and peptic ulcers
  • Hiatal hernia and GERD
  • Barrett’s esophagus
  • Esophageal strictures or narrowing
  • Celiac disease and duodenitis
  • Bleeding ulcers or varices
  • Early detection of stomach or esophageal cancers
Is upper GI endoscopy safe?

Yes. It is a safe and routine procedure with minimal risks. Rare complications include minor bleeding, infection, or perforation, which are extremely uncommon when performed by experienced gastroenterologists.

What are the benefits of upper GI endoscopy?
  • Provides clear, direct visualization of the digestive tract
  • Allows for accurate diagnosis and biopsy
  • Enables immediate treatment (e.g., stopping bleeding, removing polyps)
  • Quick recovery and minimal discomfort
Call to Action

If you experience frequent acidity, stomach pain, difficulty swallowing, or unexplained nausea, the Gastroenterology Team at Baby Memorial Hospital (BMH) offers safe, advanced Upper GI Endoscopy services using state-of-the-art endoscopic technology for accurate diagnosis and gentle care.

👉 Book an Appointment Online or visit BMH to consult our gastroenterology specialists.

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