Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Management

Published with the inputs from Dr Javed Ahamed T P, Consultant Neurologist, Baby Memorial Hospitals- Kozhikode

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering (myelin) of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. This disrupts communication between the brain and the rest of the body, leading to a variety of neurological symptoms. While there is no permanent cure, effective treatments and lifestyle adjustments can slow disease progression, reduce relapses, and improve quality of life.

What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?

MS is a neurological condition in which the immune system damages the myelin sheath, causing inflammation and scarring (sclerosis). This leads to disrupted nerve signals and varying symptoms depending on which nerves are affected.

What are the common symptoms of MS?

Symptoms vary but may include:

• Fatigue and weakness
• Numbness or tingling in limbs
• Vision problems (blurred vision, double vision, optic neuritis)
• Difficulty walking, balance issues
• Muscle stiffness or spasms
• Cognitive changes (memory, concentration)

How is MS diagnosed?

Diagnosis may involve:

• Neurological examination
• MRI scans to detect lesions in the brain or spinal cord
• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to check cerebrospinal fluid
• Blood tests to rule out other conditions and confirm MS.

How is MS managed or treated?

MS management focuses on controlling symptoms, preventing relapses, and slowing disease progression through:

• Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs): Medications like interferons, monoclonal antibodies, or oral drugs
• Steroids: For acute flare-ups to reduce inflammation
• Physiotherapy and rehabilitation: To maintain mobility and strength
• Medications: To manage symptoms like pain, fatigue, or muscle stiffness
• Counselling and support: For coping with emotional and cognitive challenges

Can MS be cured?

There is currently no definite cure for MS. But the disease can be controlled with early diagnosis and proper treatment, many patients can manage symptoms effectively and live fulfilling lives.

What lifestyle changes help in MS management?

• Following a balanced, nutrient-rich diet
• Engaging in regular exercise and physiotherapy
• Managing stress with mindfulness, yoga, or meditation
• Avoiding smoking and excess alcohol
• Getting adequate rest and maintaining good sleep hygiene
• Staying connected with support groups or counseling

Connect with Our Experts Today

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis, the Neurology Department at Baby Memorial Hospital (BMH) offers comprehensive MS management, including advanced disease-modifying therapies, physiotherapy, counseling, and long-term care for a better quality of life.

👉 Book an Appointment Online or visit BMH to consult our neurology specialists.