Sleep Study (Polysomnography)

Published with the inputs from  Dr Jabir Bin Umer K P, Associate Consultant, ENT And Head & Neck, Associate Consultant, ENT And Head & Neck Surgery, Baby Memorial Hospitals- Kannur

A sleep study, also called polysomnography, is a diagnostic test that records brain activity, breathing, heart rate, oxygen levels, and body movements during sleep. It helps diagnose sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, restless leg syndrome, and other conditions that affect the quality of sleep and overall health.

What is a sleep study?

A sleep study is a non-invasive test performed overnight to monitor various body functions while you sleep - including breathing, heart rate, oxygen levels, brain waves, and limb movements - to identify sleep-related problems

When is a sleep study recommended?

Doctors may suggest a sleep study if you experience:

• Loud snoring or choking during sleep
• Daytime sleepiness or fatigue
• Difficulty falling or staying asleep (insomnia)
• Unexplained morning headaches
• Observed pauses in breathing while sleeping
• Restless leg movements at night

What conditions can a sleep study diagnose?

• Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
• Central Sleep Apnea
• Insomnia
• Narcolepsy
• Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
• Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)
• REM sleep behavior disorder

How is a sleep study performed?

• The study is usually done overnight in a sleep lab or hospital setting, home based.
• Electrodes and sensors are placed on the scalp, chest, legs, and fingers to record data.
• Breathing patterns, heart rate, oxygen saturation, brain waves, and movements are monitored while you sleep.
• The test is painless, and most patients sleep comfortably during the procedure.

Is a sleep study painful or uncomfortable?

No. Sleep studies are completely safe and painless. Some patients may need a short adjustment period to fall asleep due to sensors, but the setup is designed for comfort.

Can a sleep study be done at home?

Yes. In some cases, a home sleep apnea test can be done using a simplified device that monitors breathing and oxygen levels. However, in-lab polysomnography remains the most accurate and comprehensive option.

What happens after a sleep study?

• Sleep specialists analyze the recorded data.
• A detailed report helps diagnose the sleep disorder.
• Based on results, treatment options may include CPAP therapy, lifestyle changes, medications, or specialized interventions.

What are the benefits of a sleep study?

• Accurate diagnosis of sleep disorders
• Tailored treatment for better sleep quality
• Prevention of long-term complications (like hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes)
• Improved energy, mood, and focus

Connect with Our Experts Today

If you suffer from snoring, poor sleep, daytime fatigue, or breathing problems at night, the Pulmonology & Sleep Medicine Team at Baby Memorial Hospital (BMH) offers advanced sleep studies (polysomnography) and comprehensive treatment programs for all types of sleep disorders.

👉 Book an Appointment Online or visit BMH to consult our sleep medicine specialists.