Diabetic Foot Care

Published with the inputs from Dr Anna Mani,  Senior Consultant, General And Laparoscopic Surgery,   Baby Memorial Hospitals- Kozhikode

Diabetic foot problems can develop due to reduced blood circulation, nerve damage, and delayed wound healing associated with long-standing diabetes. Reduced sensation in the feet may prevent patients from noticing injuries or wounds, allowing infections to progress if they are not identified and treated early.

Early recognition and timely treatment of diabetic foot wounds are essential. Advances in wound care, appropriate surgical management, specialized dressings, and proper footwear can help manage diabetic foot problems and reduce the risk of leg amputations.

Why are people with diabetes at risk of foot problems?

According to the doctor, blood circulation to the legs decreases over time in people with diabetes. Long-standing diabetes also affects the nerves, reducing sensation in the feet. As a result, patients may not notice pain, injuries, or wounds promptly. In addition, diabetes can delay the healing of infections.

Why is early detection of diabetic foot wounds important?

Early identification of foot wounds allows timely evaluation and treatment. According to the doctor, if diabetic foot problems are identified and treated at an early stage with the correct treatment, amputations can be prevented in a significant percentage of patients.

Who should regularly examine the feet of diabetic patients?

The doctor recommends that family members and caregivers regularly examine the feet of diabetic patients to identify any wounds or injuries. If a wound is noticed, it should be evaluated by a surgeon without delay.

How are diabetic foot wounds treated?

Treatment begins with the removal of infected or dead tissue. Several modern dressing techniques are available, including foam dressings containing silver and other advanced materials. Many of these dressings do not require daily changes and may only need to be changed once every five days.

What is VAC dressing?

VAC dressing, also known as Negative Pressure Wound Therapy, is used for more severe infections. According to the doctor, in addition to helping remove infection, VAC dressing promotes the regeneration of healthy tissue within the wound.

Why is footwear important for people with diabetes?

The doctor explains that diabetic patients may develop changes in the distribution of pressure on their feet. These pressure distribution abnormalities can become the starting point for many foot problems. Special off-loading footwear made with Micro Cellular Rubber (MCR) plays an important role in treatment.

Watch Video: Diabetes and Foot Care: Don't Ignore Wounds; Prevention and Protective Measures 

Why should diabetic patients avoid self-treatment for foot wounds?

Many elderly diabetic patients attempt to manage foot wounds at home by washing them with hot water, tightly bandaging them, or trying home remedies. These practices can delay proper treatment and management of the infection.

What can happen if treatment for a diabetic foot infection is delayed?

The doctor explains that if treatment is delayed for too long, the infection may spread into the bloodstream, and the patient may present in a septic shock stage.

What else is important in the management of diabetic foot problems?

Along with clearing the infection and performing the necessary surgery, the doctor emphasizes the importance of:

• Proper blood sugar control
• Appropriate footwear
• Preventing excessive pressure on the affected area

Connect with Our Experts Today

If you have diabetes and notice a foot wound, injury, or any changes in your feet, seek timely evaluation from the General Surgery team at Baby Memorial Hospital (BMH). Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help manage diabetic foot problems and reduce the risk of complications.

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