Head & Neck Oncology - FAQ

Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging, and biopsy procedures.

Common diagnostic tests include:

• Flexible endoscopy or nasoendoscopy
• CT scan and MRI for tumor assessment
• PET-CT scan for staging
• Ultrasound and image-guided biopsy
• FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology), especially for thyroid nodules
• Advanced pathological and molecular testing

Accurate staging helps determine the most effective treatment approach.

Treatment depends on the cancer type, location, and stage. Options may include:

• Function-preserving or minimally invasive surgery
• Advanced reconstructive surgery for cosmetic and functional restoration
• Precision radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted therapy and immunotherapy
• Speech and swallowing rehabilitation

A multidisciplinary team develops a personalized treatment plan focused on cancer control while preserving speech, swallowing, breathing, and appearance.